Microprocessor-8085-programs-part-B(CYCLE:1)

10.    Largest element in an array
11.    Smallest element in an array
12.    Ascending order
13.    Descending order
14.    BCD addition
15.    BCD subtraction
16.    BLOCK TRANSFER
17.    Fibonacci series
 

10. LARGEST ELEMENT IN AN ARRAY

AIM:

            To find the largest element in an array.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Place all the elements of an array in the consecutive memory locations.

2.      Fetch the first element from the memory location and load it in the accumulator.

3.      Initialize a counter (register) with the total number of elements in an array.

4.      Decrement the counter by 1.

5.      Increment the memory pointer to point to the next element.

6.      Compare the accumulator content with the memory content  (next  element).

7.      If the accumulator content is smaller, then move the memory content  (largest element) to the accumulator. Else continue.

8.      Decrement the counter by 1.

9.      Repeat steps 5 to 8, until the counter reaches zero.

10.  Store the result (accumulator content) in the specified memory location.

RESULT:

            Thus the largest number in the given array is found out.

 

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCO DE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENTS
4001			LXI	H,4100	Initialize HL reg. to 4100H
4002
4003
4004			MVI	B,04	Initialize B reg with no. of comparisons (n-1)
4005
4006			MOV	A,M	Transfer first data to acc.
4007		LOOP1	INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory location
4008			CMP	M	Compare M & A
4009			JNC	LOOP	If A is greater than M then go to loop
400A
400B
400C			MOV	A,M	Transfer data from M to A reg
400D		LOOP	DCR	B	Decrement B reg
400E			JNZ	LOOP1	If B is not Zero go to loop1
400F
4010
4011			STA	4105	Store the result in a memory location.
4012
4013
4014			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS		DATA
4100		4105
4101
4102
4103
4104

11. SMALLEST ELEMENT IN AN ARRAY

AIM:

To find the smallest element in an array.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Place all the elements of an array in the consecutive memory locations.

2.      Fetch the first element from the memory location and load it in the accumulator.

3.      Initialize a counter (register) with the total number of elements in an array.

4.      Decrement the counter by 1.

5.      Increment the memory pointer to point to the next element.

6.      Compare the accumulator content with the memory content  (next  element).

7.      If the accumulator content is smaller, then move the memory content  (largest element) to the accumulator. Else continue.

8.      Decrement the counter by 1.

9.      Repeat steps 5 to 8  until the counter reaches zero

10.  Store the result (accumulator content) in the specified memory location.

RESULT:

            Thus the smallest number in the given array is found out.

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENTS
4001			LXI	H,4100	Initialize HL reg. to 4100H
4002
4003
4004			MVI	B,04	Initialize B reg with no. of comparisons (n-1)
4005
4006			MOV	A,M	Transfer first data to acc.
4007		LOOP1	INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory location
4008			CMP	M	Compare M & A
4009			JC	LOOP	If A is lesser than M then go to loop
400A
400B
400C			MOV	A,M	Transfer data from M to A reg
400D		LOOP	DCR	B	Decrement B reg
400E			JNZ	LOOP1	If B is not Zero go to loop1
400F
4010
4011			STA	4105	Store the result in a memory location.
4012
4013
4014			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS		DATA
4100		4105
4101
4102
4103
4104

12.ASCENDING ORDER

AIM:

            To sort the given number in the ascending order using 8085 microprocessor.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Get the numbers to be sorted from the memory locations.

2.       Compare the first two numbers and if the first number is larger than second then   interchange the number.

3.      If the first number is smaller, go to step 4

4.      Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the numbers are in required order

RESULT:

Thus the ascending order program is executed and thus the numbers are arranged in ascending order.

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENTS
4000			MVI	B,04	Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)
4001
4002		LOOP 3	LXI	H,4100	Initialize HL reg. to 4100H
4003
4004
4005			MVI	C,04	Initialize C reg with no. of comparisons(n-1)
4006
4007		LOOP2	MOV	A,M	Transfer first data to acc.
4008			INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory location
4009			CMP	M	Compare M & A
400A			JC	LOOP1	If A is less than M, then go to LOOP1
400B
400C
400D			MOV	D,M	Transfer data from M to D reg
400E			MOV	M,A	Transfer data from acc to M
400F			DCX	H	Decrement HL pair
4010			MOV	M,D	Transfer data from D to M
4011			INX	H	Increment HL pair
4012		LOOP1	DCR	C	Decrement C register
4013			JNZ	LOOP2	If C is not zero go to LOOP2
4014
4015
4016			DCR	B	Decrement B register
4017			JNZ	LOOP3	If B is not Zero go to LOOP3
4018
4019
401A			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS	DATA
4100		4100
4101		4101
4102		4102
4103		4103
4104		4104

13. DESCENDING ORDER

AIM:

            To sort the given number in the descending order using 8085 microprocessor.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Get the numbers to be sorted from the memory locations.

2.      Compare the first two numbers and if the first number is smaller than second then,                   interchange the number.

3.      If the first number is larger, go to step 4

4.      Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the numbers are in required order

RESULT:

            Thus the descending order program is executed and thus the numbers are arranged in descending order.

 

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENTS
4000			MVI	B,04	Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)
4001
4002		LOOP3	LXI	H,4100	Initialize HL reg. to 4100H
4003
4004
4005			MVI	C,04	Initialize C reg with no. of comparisons(n-1)
4006
4007		LOOP2	MOV	A,M	Transfer first data to acc.
4008			INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory location
4009			CMP	M	Compare M & A
400A			JNC	LOOP1	If A is greater than M then go to LOOP1
400B
400C
400D			MOV	D,M	Transfer data from M to D reg
400E			MOV	M,A	Transfer data from acc to M
400F			DCX	H	Decrement HL pair
4010			MOV	M,D	Transfer data from D to M
4011			INX	H	Increment HL pair
4012		LOOP1	DCR	C	Decrement C reg
4013			JNZ	LOOP2	If C is not zero go to LOOP2
4014
4015
4016			DCR	B	Decrement B reg
4017			JNZ	LOOP3	If B is not Zero go to LOOP3
4018
4019
401A			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION	DATA	MEMORY LOCATION	DATA
4100		4100
4101		4101
4102		4102
4103		4103
4104		4104

  14. BCD ADDITION

AIM:

             To add two 8 bit BCD numbers stored at consecutive memory locations.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Initialize memory pointer to data location.

2.      Get the first number from memory in accumulator.

3.      Get the second number and add it to the accumulator

4.      Adjust the accumulator value to the proper BCD value using DAA instruction.

5.      Store the answer at another memory location.

RESULT:

Thus the 8 bit BCD numbers stored at 4500 &4501 are added and the result stored at 4502 & 4503.

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENT
4100		START	MVI	C, 00	Clear C reg.
4101
4102			LXI	H, 4500	Initialize HL reg. to 4500
4103
4104
4105			MOV	A, M	Transfer first data to accumulator
4106			INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory    Location.
4107			ADD	M	Add first number to acc. content.
4108			DAA		Decimal adjust acc.
4109			JNC	L1	Jump to location if result does not yield carry.
410A
410B
410C			INR	C	Increment C reg.
410D		L1	INX	H	Increment HL reg.  to point next memory Location.
410E			MOV	M, A	Transfer the result from acc. to memory.
410F			INX	H	Increment HL reg. to point next memory Location.
4110			MOV	M, C	Move carry to memory
4111			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS	DATA
4500		4502
4501		4503

                                                             

15. BCD SUBTRACTION

AIM:

             To subtract two 8 bit BCD numbers stored at consecutive memory locations.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Load the minuend and subtrahend in two registers.

2.      Initialize Borrow register to 0.

3.      Take the 100’s complement of the subtrahend.

4.      Add the result with the minuend, which yields the result.

5.      Adjust the accumulator value to the proper BCD value using DAA instruction. If there is a carry ignore it.

6.      If there is no carry, increment the carry register by 1

7.      Store the content of the accumulator (result)and borrow register in the specified memory location

RESULT:

Thus the 8 bit BCD numbers stored at 4500 &4501 are subtracted and the result stored at 4502 & 4503.

 

PROGRAM:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENT
4100		START	MVI	D, 00	Clear D reg.
4101
4102			LXI	H, 4500	Initialize HL reg. to 4500
4103
4104
4105			MOV	B, M	Transfer first data to accumulator
4106			INX	H	Increment HL reg. to point next memory location.
4107			MOV	C, M	Move second no. to B reg.
4108			MVI	A, 99	Move 99 to the accumulator
4109
410A			SUB	C	Subtract [C] from  acc. content.
410B			INR	A	Increment  A  register
410C			ADD	B	Add [B] with [A]
410D			DAA		Adjust Accumulator value for decimal digits
410E			JC	LOOP	Jump on carry to loop
410F
4110
4111			INR	D	Increment D reg.
4112		LOOP	INX	H	Increment HL register pair
4113			MOV	M , A	Move the Acc.content to the memory location
4114			INX	H	Increment HL reg. to point next memory location.
4115			MOV	M, D	Transfer D register content to memory.
4116			RST 1		Stop the program

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS	DATA
4500		4502
4501		4503

                         16.BLOCK TRANSFER

AIM:

          To transfer 16 bytes of data from 4050h to 4070h

ALGORITHM:

1.      Initialize counter =16,source memory pointer, and destination memory pointer

2.       

3.      Get the byte from   source memory location and store  the byte in destination memory location.

4.      Increment the source memory  pointer and the destination memory pointer

5.      Decrement counter if counter is not zero,goto step=2 and repeat steps

RESULT:

                    16 bytes of data are transferred   from  a source memory block(4050h) to destination    memory  block (4070h).

Program:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENT
4000		START	MVI	C,06H	Initialize counter in c reg=06
4001
4002			LXI	H, 4050	Initialize  source memory pointer
4003
4004
4005			LXI	D,4070	Initialize destination memory pointer
4006
4007
4008		LOOP	MOV	A, M	Transfer first byte to accumulator
4009			STAX	D	store contents of accumulator in
400A			INX	H	Increment HL reg paircontent.
400B			INX	D	Increment  DE reg pair
400C			DCR	C	Decrement c reg pair
400D			JNZ	LOOP	Jmp to loop if  c reg is not zero

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS	DATA
4050		4070
4051		4071
4052		4072
4053		4073
4054		4074
4055		4075

17.Fibonacci series

 AIM:

                 To  obtain the Fibonacci series using 8085.

ALGORITHM:

1.      Load memory location 4050 with 00h and 4051 with 01h

2.      Initialize counter with (n-2) for n values of  Fibonacci series

3.      Initialize the source memory pointer to 4050h

4.      Transfer first byte to accumulator and second byte into other register

5.      Add those two bytes and store it in accumulator and decimal adjust  the accumulator

6.      Store the contents of accumulator into specified location

7.      Decrement memory pointer and counter

8.      Repeat from step 4 if counter is not zero  

RESULT:

        The Fibonacci series is generated using 8085 microprocessor

 
 

Program:

ADDRESS	OPCODE	LABEL	MNEMONICS	OPERAND	COMMENT
4000		START	MVI	C,09H	Initialize counter in c reg=09
4001
4002			LXI	H, 4050	Initialize  source memory pointer
4003
4004
4005	loop		Mov	A,M	Transfer first data to acc.
4006			Inx	H	Increment HL reg pair
4007			Mov	B,M	Transfer contents of M reg to B reg
4008			INX	H	Increment HL reg pair. ADD[B] with [A]store in [A]
4009			ADD	B
400A			DAA		DecimaLaDJUST aCUMULATOR
400B			MOV	M,A	Transfer contents of accumulator to m register
400C			DCX	H	Decrement HLreg pair
400D			DCR	C	Decrement c reg
400E			JNZ	LOOP	If c reg is not zero
400F					Go to loop
4010
4011			RST 1		Stops the program

 

OBSERVATION:

INPUT		OUTPUT
ADDRESS	DATA	ADDRESS	DATA
4050		4050
4051		4051
		4052
		4053
		4054
		4055
		4056
		4057
		4058
		4059
		405A